Infographic

Electricity production by source, United Kingdom

Long-run view of UK electricity generation by source, showing the collapse of coal, the rise of gas, and the later expansion of wind and other renewables.

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Energy production

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Energy productionEnergy productionEconomics

SourceOur World in Data

Period1985 to 2025

Stacked area chart showing UK electricity production by source from 1985 to 2025

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EconomicsEconomicsTaxDemographics

Net Fiscal Position by Ethnic Group

Visual explainer of net fiscal position by ethnic group using ONS taxes-and-benefits data for 2023/24.

Line chart showing how taxes and benefits narrow the household income gap between ethnic groups in the UK in 2023/24

TaxEconomicsTaxImmigrationDemographics

How Taxes and Benefits Narrow the Income Gap Between Ethnic Groups

Visual explainer of how taxes and benefits compress post-tax and final-income gaps between ethnic groups, using ONS household income data for 2023/24.

Horizontal bar chart showing how taxes paid and benefits received combine by ethnic group in the UK in 2023/24

TaxEconomicsTaxImmigrationDemographics

How Taxes and Benefits Combine by Ethnic Group

Breakdown of direct taxes, indirect taxes, cash benefits, and benefits in kind by ethnic group, showing the net effect on final household income in 2023/24.